Ⅰ. Global Warming
Because of the greenhouse gases emission, the Earth's atmospheric temperature rapidly increasing. The radiative forcing ,which is the the difference of insolation(sunlight) absorbed by the Earth and energy radiated back to space , can be explained in this phenomenon. The positive value means the increasing of surface temperature. In the Antartic and the Greenland affects by feedback work such as Albedo which means reflection coefficient. The process of this goes like as the water vapor, albedo and clouds decide how much the radiation affects to surface temperature rising and this variation makes another variation about the atmospheric temperature. This process appears repeatedly. Also the black carbon which is piled up in the ice and the snow absorbs more solar energy and this makes them melting and therefore the light which they reflect before will decrease and the heat which they absorbing will increase.
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Ⅲ. La-Niña at the Equator
La-Niña is the phenomenon that as the equator trade wind(적도 무역풍) becomes strong than before, west Pacific ocean's sea level and the water temperature increase. On the other hand, because of the cold sea water upwelling phenomenon, the east Pacific ocean strengthen the low water temperature phenomenon.
Antarctic + Greenland glacier = 95%The 95% of total Earth's glacier occupied with Antartic and Greenland where
located in the Artic. Experts predict that if the glaciers in these places are melting, then the sea level over the world will increase more than 60m heightm, 63m. REFERENCE : UNEP YEAR BOOK (2013), UNEP , pp.19-32 극지연구소, http://www.kopri.re.kr/index_02.jsp |
Ⅱ. Descent Depth of Thermocline
The thermocline is a thin but distinct layer in a large body of fluid in which temperature changes more rapidly with depth than it does in the layers above or below. As the sea level increases, the thermocline level depth descent 250m height and following this situation, the surface layer becomes thicker and the deep water layer becomes lower than before. Therefore, experts estimate that the thermal energy which dissolves the ice shelf also decrease. The other thing is that the ridge which located under the sea around the ice shelf acts like threshold and this impedes the warm oceanic current which flow under the ice shelf
La-Niña changes the sea water stream. Each of the low temperature of water in the east Pacific ocean and the warm temperature of water in the west Pacific ocean rotates separately and affects to the rate of ice and snow melting . of total glacier of EarthHowever, nowadays the Artic glaciers melt constantly as they does, the Antartic region's melting rate is becoming slow down and even the area of the glacier is getting larger. |